Spatiotemporal Change Analysis and Future Scenario of LULC Using the CA-ANN Approach: A Case Study of the Greater Bay Area, China

Land use land cover (LULC) transition analysis is a systematic approach that helps in understanding physical and human involvement the natural environment sustainable development. The study of spatiotemporal shifting pattern LULC, simulation future scenarios intensity at interval, category levels provide comprehensive prospect to determine current development scenarios. In this study, we used multitemporal remote sensing data from 1980–2020 with 10-year explanatory variables (Digital Elevation Model (DEM), slope, population, GDP, distance roads, city center streams) an integrated CA-ANN within MOLUSCE plugin QGIS model change potential LULC Greater Bay Area. results indicate socioeconomic driving factors have significant impacts on landscape patterns. Over last four decades, area experienced rapid urban expansion (4.75% 14.75%), resulting loss forest (53.49% 50.57%), cropland (21.85% 16.04%) grassland (13.89% 12.05%). projected (2030–2050) also endorse increasing trend built-up area, forest, water cost substantial amounts grassland.